Absolute Postulate of Universe: If position and momentum of all the particles at all the instants is fixed, the universe is completely determined.
Absolute determinism:
Laplace’s Demon: d2r/dt2 = F(r) with r(t0) as position r0 and (dr/dt)(t0) as velocity v0 are known for all particles. Then the past, present, and future can be precisely and accurately calculated.
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: Heisenberg showed that the position and momentum of a particle cannot be measured accurately simultaneously. Δ𝑥 • Δ𝑝 ≥ ℏ/2.
Re-interpretation of HUP: In my paper “God Does Not Play Dice With The Universe” I argue that even if precise measurement/ calculation is not possible, the particle has a definite position and momentum at all time.
Laplace’s Demon in light of Re-interpreted HUP: If position and momentum of all the particles at any one instant and the laws of physics (in particular Newton’s Second Law) is known, the position and momentum of any particle at any other instant in the Universe is precisely determined – even if incalculable/ immeasurable – due to HUP and large number of particles involved.
Redefining Assumptions of Bell Inequalities:
1. Reality – In present day QM, the physical properties that can’t be measured/ calculated are not part of reality. In my paper “God Does Not Play Dice With The Universe” I make a distinction between reality and measurement. e.g., even if the position and momentum of a particle can’t be measured/ calculated simultaneously, at any instant, they have definite and fixed values.
2. Locality – Einstein’s relativity implies that nothing can travel faster than light. Classical correlations can maximally be S = 2. Absolute Postulate of the Universe shows absolute determinism (meaning universe is fixed) signals need not travel from Alice’s location to Bob’s location instantaneously as the physical properties of the particles, detector settings and the outcomes of the experiment(s) are fixed since inception of the universe which makes universe non-local and relativity holds. Jonathan Oppenheim and Stephanie Wehner questioned why quantum mechanics is not maximally non-local stop at 2√2(Tsirelson bound) not algebraic maximum (S = 4) and it finds out that uncertainty restricts quantum correlation bound from going beyond 2√2. By absolute determinism (meaning uncertainty = 0) the universe is maximally non-local and algebraic maximal (S=4) correlation is possible.
3. Measurement Independence – Measurement Independence means freedom of choice of detector settings by experimenter (or random number generator) In my paper “God Does Not Play Dice With The Universe”’ I suggest that the universe is absolutely deterministic. Thus, all choices of experimenters, detector settings, outcomes of experiments are determined and fixed. So, measurement independence is not true but can be used for measurements/ calculations. Also, as the universe is determined, outcomes of random number generators are theoretically deterministic.
4. Counter-factual Definiteness – Counter-factual means all outcomes for all possible detector settings have definite values, even for measurements that were not actually performed. My paper “God Does Not Play Dice With The Universe” assumes that the world is completely deterministic and there is no alternative outcome to an experiment. But we can continue to assume counter-factualness for our experiments/ calculations.
Consequences of Revised Bell Inequalities:
- PR Boxes – For PR-Boxes to be “real”, uncertainty must be zero so that correlations are algebraically maximal (s = 4), and it must satisfy PR correlation 𝑎 ⊕ 𝑏=𝑥 ⋅ 𝑦. PR-Boxes don’t assume instantaneous (or even
faster -than light) travel. Relativity holds. - DI-QKD – Device Independent Quantum Key Distribution – To establish a secure channel between Alice and Bob, without trusting the devices and relying solely on outcomes, quantum violations may be observed. If Eve eavesdrops, correlation falls to classical limit (S=2) and channel is not secure. It may seem from this study that DI-QKD needs to be modified, but that is not so because this study claiming S = 4 is possible but it cannot be experimentally verified directly because of Tsirelson Bound S = 2√2.
- Quantum Information Theory – When uncertainty = 0, the information is complete. There is no error and the observer can calculate information precisely – in principle. It remains incalculable and immeasurable precisely in reality in accordance with well-established classical/ quantum limits as per experiment in question.
- Randomness Certification – Randomness relying on physical devices (classical) or quantum measurement (present day QM) are not truly random
because all outcomes are pre-determined since inception of universe. But for most experiments, TRNG is not required and present-day systems suffice. - Foundations of QM – This study highlights the distinction between reality (PR-Box) and what can be measured/ calculated (Tsirelson Bound
of 2√2). So, both Einstein’s relativity and QM continue to hold without affecting the present-day experiments and most theory.
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